ABSTRACT
Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of pancreas that lasts for a short time. It may range from mild discomfort to a severe, life threatening illness. Abdominal pain which is the major symptom of acute pancreatitis may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension.1 There may be low grade fever with features of shock which is not unusual.2 Most people with acute pancreatitis recover completely after getting the right treatment. About 80% of cases of acute attack are self-limited and recover spontaneously within a week after the treatment. But in severe cases, acute pancreatitis can result in bleeding into the gland, serious tissue damage, infection and cyst formation. Severe pancreatitis can also harm other vital organs such as heart, lungs and kidneys. Transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia reflected by ST-T changes in ECG and associated with diastolic dysfunction and ARDS are uncommon complications of acute pancreatitis. This study was conducted to evaluate their incidence and prognostic significance in acute pancreatitis.METHODSThis study was conducted in Patna Medical College Hospital, Patna, on admitted cases during the period august 2018 – august 2019. A total of 30 cases were included in this study who were diagnosed as acute pancreatitis and gave written consent for the same. Patients with association or history of stroke, head injury, CNS infection, features of demyelination, acute coronary syndrome, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and established liver disease were excluded.RESULTSThe incidence of transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia and ARDS in this study was found to be 13.3%, 6.6% and 6.6% respectively and they were all associated with high mortality.CONCLUSIONSThe commonest risk factor of acute pancreatitis was seen to be Gall Stone followed by Alcoholism, hyperlipidaemia and smoking in this study also. The overall mortality (13.3%) in this study was slightly lower than other studies. and this may be due to small sample size and variation of mortality with time of admission. Transient hypotension, transient myocardial ischemia reflected by ST-T changes in ECG, associated with diastolic dysfunction and ARDS were observed as uncommon complications of acute pancreatitis. Their incidence in this study were 13.3%, 6.6% and 6.6% respectively and they were all associated with high mortality. The clinical significance of their early detection is that the early mortality can be reduced with intensive medical and surgical management.a